Showing posts with label World War I. Show all posts
Showing posts with label World War I. Show all posts

Tuesday, 25 April 2017

U is for Unibic biscuit tin

My great grandfather Constantine Trent Champion de Crespigny (1882-1952) served as a doctor in World War 1.

In 1917 he was in charge of the 1st Australian General Hospital in Rouen which dealt with general battle casualties. On 9 July 1917 Her Majesty Queen Mary visited the hospital. She was photographed with my great grandfather inspecting an honour guard of nurses.

Rouen, France. 9 July 1917. Her Majesty Queen Mary visiting No. 1 Australian General Hospital (1AGH). HM is accompanied through a guard of honour of nurses of the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) by the hospital's commanding officer, Colonel Trent Champion de Crespigny DSO. Temporary wards and tents are on both sides of the path and patients in hospital uniform look on. Australian War Memorial photograph id K00019


That photograph has been reproduced on a biscuit tin a hundred years later 'in honour of ANZAC Day and in remembrance of the nurses who served in the war.'

photograph taken in Woolworths supermarket, Ballarat April 2017

The tins are filled with Anzac biscuits. The biscuit company promises that from the sale of the tins, which 'celebrate the origin of Anzac biscuits, reminding us of the packages of love and care from home that helped buoy the Anzac Spirit in the trenches of Gallipoli', will go towards service organisations such as the Returned and Services League (RSL).

Dr de Crespigny on behalf of the hospital at Lemnos dealing with the sick and wounded from Gallipoli, received tins of biscuits from Australia. The biscuits were probably not the Anzac biscuits we know today.

WATTLE DAY LEAGUE WAR EXTENSION WORK. (1915, November 18). The Register (Adelaide, SA : 1901 - 1929), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59989826

One of the earliest Anzac biscuit recipes was in a 1916 newspaper, winning 4th prize in a Western Australian recipe contest; 4th prize was an electroplated butter knife with an engraved handle.

Fourth Prize (1916, June 4). Sunday Times (Perth, WA : 1902 - 1954), p. 7 (Second Section). Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58013699


This 1920 recipe from the Argus is much closer to the recipe I have made. I don't know about eating the biscuits with a spoon though.


KITCHEN AND PANTRY. (1920, September 15). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 7. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4583769


the bought biscuits, not bad, but I normally associate Anzac biscuits with being home-made

The Unibic factory is in Broadmeadows, a suburb of Melbourne. The biscuit factory is over 60 years old and employs 170 people. In 2012 Unibic got into financial difficulties. The factory was threatened with closure but was rescued by a consortium of investors. The production of Anzac biscuits and the support of the Returned and Services League helped the company survive. ("Anzac Biscuits Factory Looking Forward To A New Future | Australian Food News". Ausfoodnews.com.au. 2012. )



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Saturday, 1 April 2017

A is for letter from Anzac

In September 1915 the journalist Keith Murdoch (1885 - 1952) wrote to Andrew Fisher  Prime Minister of Australia giving his views on the conduct of the Gallipoli campaign. Murdoch's letter has been digitised by the National Library of Australia.

According to the Australian War Memorial the letter contained many errors, but it was seen by the Australian Prime Minister and led to the ending of the Gallipoli campaign.

Keith Murdoch outside C. E. W. Bean's dugout during his visit to Anzac Cove . Murdoch arrived at Anzac Cove on 3 September 1915 and left for London 6 September 1915. Murdoch was travelling to London on behalf of the Sydney Sun and Melbourne Herald newspapers to manage their cable service from The Times Office. Image held by the Australian War Memorial: https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/A05396/



My great-grandfather de Crespigny, with other field hospital doctors, was mentioned on page 21:

Australians now loathe and detest any Englishmen wearing red.
Without such a purification of motive as will bring youth and ability to the top, we cannot win. I could tell you of many scandals, but the instance that will best appeal to you is that of the staff ship Aragon. She is a magnificent and luxurious South American liner, anchored in Mudros harbour as a base for the Staff of the Inspector-General of Communications.
I can give you no idea of how the Australians — and the new British Officers too — loathe the Aragon. Heaven knows what she is costing, but certainly the staff lives in luxury. And nothing can exceed the rudeness of these chocolate general staff soldiers to those returning from the front. The Ship’s adjutant is the worst instance of rude and disgusting snobbishness and incapacity I have come across.
With others, plain downright incapacity is the main characteristic. I must say this of them also, that whereas at our 3rd Australian General Hospital on shore we had 134 fever cases, including typhus, with only a few mosquito nets, and no ice, and few medical comforts, the Aragon staff was wallowing in ice. Colonel Stawell — you know him as Melbourne’s leading consultant — and Sir Alex M’Cormick are not sentimentalists. Ice for the officers aboard the Aragon ... none for the wounded men. But they really wept over the terrible hardships of the wounded, due to the incapacity of the Aragon. One concrete case is that of 150 wounded men landed in dead of night, with no provision and no instructions, at the hospital beach, to make their way as best they would to the hospital, which had no notice of their arrival.
Fiaschi, de Crespigny, Stawell and Kent Hughes will be able to tell you of the absolutely shocking difficulties of this hospital in the face of perpetual snubbing and bungling of the Aragon staff. Real need ... the hospital at Lemnos, where nurses and medics do their best with incoming injured.
While I was at the hospital a beautiful general and his staff rode in to make an inspection. Despite their appearance as perfect specimens of the general staff, I thought, we shall now get the ice from the Aragon on to the brows of our unfortunate men. But no ice appeared next day.
The navy is very good, and sent some comforts and ice across, but for the three days before my visit this ice had gone astray before it reached the hospital.


MS 2823-Papers of Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch, 1908-1967 [manuscript]./Series 2/File 1/Gallipoli letter from Keith Arthur Murdoch to Andrew Fisher, 1915 [manuscript]./Page 21





SS Aragon 1908
Passenger steamship Aragon, built in Belfast in 1905 by Harland & Wolff for the Royal Mail Steam Packet Co. She was requisitioned in 1915, converted into a troop ship, and sunk by a U-boat off Alexandria, Egypt in 1917. Image from Wikimedia Commons



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Sunday, 18 December 2016

German flag from Fast Hotel Jerusalem

Among the trophies, relics, and souvenirs held by the Australian War Memorial in Canberra is a large German swallow-tailed flag donated in 1922 by Major Wentworth Mainwaring.

German banner from Jerusalem donated to the Australian War Memorial by Major Mainwaring 1922. Viewed 30 November 2016. Accession number RELAWM01545.


Wentworth Rowland Cavenagh-Mainwaring (1869-1933), known in the family as Wenty, was my great-great uncle. He served in the Middle East from 1914 firstly with the 3rd Light Horse and later with the 2nd Stationary Hospital..

According to Mainwaring's account, the flag came into his hands in August 1918, when he was briefly billeted in a Jerusalem hotel called the Hotel Fast, which had been occupied by members of the German general staff before their withdrawal to Nablus in November the year before. The story has the flag rescued from being about to be burned by Corporal Cole. Corporal Cole was probably Thomas Elgin Cole sern 8696 who served with the 2nd Australian General Hospital. It was quite a souvenir.

My grandmother, Kathleen (1908-2013), talked about Wenty's flag once or twice and visited the War Memorial with my father and her sister to view it in the 1970s. (Kathleen's mother was Wenty's sister.)

The flag, large, made of wool with a painted eagle, hung in Kathleen's parents' house in Pennington Terrace in Adelaide for a few years until it was donated to the War Memorial.

The flag is not on permanent display, but my brother and I were recently given a private showing.

Nearly a hundred years after Wenty souvenired his enemy flag, it is still in excellent condition.





 


from National Archives of Australia: Australian War Memorial; AWM93, Australian War Memorial registry files - First series; 7/4/676 German Flag Donated to the Australian War Museum by L/C Dr. Cavenagh Mainwaring. [Click on image to enlarge]





The Fast Hotel  in 1917.
German soldiers on their way to attend a religious service on Good Friday in Jerusalem, 6 April 1917. The building on the left is the Fast Hotel. © IWM (Q 56676) from the Imperial War Museum image 205082094
The War Memorial initially associated the flag with General Von Falkenhayn.

from the correspondence file concerning the donation of the flag

The flag was displayed in the 1920s.

Australian War Memorial.  Australian War Memorial Museum : the relics and records of Australia's effort in the defence of the Empire, 1914-1918  Govt. Printer Sydney  1927  <http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-38093256>
page 18 from  Australian War Memorial Museum : the relics and records of Australia's effort in the defence of the Empire, 1914-1918 (1927)



It seems unlikely that the flag was von Falkenhayn's. The curator at the War Memorial suggests it is a German foreign office flag. So it seems that the Fast Hotel had probably housed members of the German diplomatic corps, not the military officers.

Wentworth Cavenagh_Mainwaring travelled through Jerusalem in August 191 on his way to take up a post with the 2nd A.S. Hospital.






The Fast Hotel is no longer standing. It was associated with the Australian Imperial Forces in World War 2.

about 1940: Front exterior of the Australian Soldiers Club building, the Jerusalem headquarters for members of the AIF on leave. The building was also known as the Fast Hotel. Australian War Memorial image P02037.016

St. Andrew's House (Fast Hotel), taken July 2, '43 by Matson Photo Services. Retrieved from Library of Congress.


3 February 1941. Aussi [i.e., Australian] soldiers cheering Menzies & Blamey. Photograph by Matson Photo Service. Photo shows the Matson Photo Service store on first floor of building (formerly the Fast Hotel). Photo retrieved from Library of Congress.
References
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Tuesday, 23 August 2016

Ripon War Memorial: remembering Vyvyan Hughes (1888-1916)

Yesterday we visited Beaufort, 50 kilometers west of Ballarat. The daffodils planted around the War Memorial were at their best. On the memorial I noticed the name of my great great uncle Vyvyan Hughes (1888-1916).  I have previously written about his war service and death.


Beaufort war memorial August 2016

BEAUFORT'S FINE RESPONSE. (1916, February 7). The Ballarat Courier (Vic. : 1869 - 1878; 1914 - 1918), p. 4 (DAILY.). Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74499619

The Hughes family had two sons and a son-in-law serving in World War I. The son-in-law was my great grandfather Constantine Trent Champion de Crespigny.


Vyvyan and Olive Hughes shortly before Vyvyan's departure in April 1916.


No title (1916, May 5). Dunolly and Betbetshire Express and County of Gladstone Advertiser (Vic. : 1915 - 1918), p. 2. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article152662969

In August 1918 an Avenue of Honour of 500 deciduous trees was planted at Beaufort. The war service of both Vyvyan and his brother Cedric was commemorated in this avenue. Each had a tree.

The Beaufort War Memorial was unveiled in 1927 by Brigadier-General Robert Smith, formerly of the 5th Brigade, AIF. Vyvyan Hughes was one of 70 fallen soldiers whose names are recorded on the memorial.


"BACK TO BEAUFORT" CELEBRATIONS. (1927, April 16). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 11. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3849478

In the Victorian Heritage Database the Beaufort memorial is said to be a one-third size replica of  the Salisbury Plains memorial.

In fact the design is based on a monument called the Poultry Cross in the main street of the city of Salisbury. The Poultry Cross is a market cross constructed in the 14th century and modified in the 18th century.

BEAUFORT. (1920, July 27). The Ballarat Star (Vic. : 1865 - 1924), p. 6. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article211913472

Salisbury, Market Cross - geograph.org.uk - 763900
 The Poultry Cross in Salisbury photographed by Row17 [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

Sources


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Tuesday, 19 July 2016

Trove Tuesday: Leslie Leister died at Fromelles 19/20 July 2016

Leslie Leister (1894-1916), the half-brother of my husband's grandfather, was one of the 2,000 soldiers  killed at the battle of Fromelles one hundred years ago on 19 and 20 July 1916 and one of the 250 soldiers who were buried in a mass grave by the Germans after the battle.

I have written before about Leslie at F is for Fromelles and about the delays in his parents finding out about what happened to him at K is for King and Country .

There are now more newspapers digitised and available through Trove.  Among more recently digitised newspapers is the Western Champion from Parkes, New South Wales, Leslie's home place. The Western Champion includes a photograph of Leslie in its article about Leslie's fate. 

The article also explains the creation of the list that Leslie was included on which was compiled by the Germans from the identity discs of the soldiers they buried. It was only in late 1916 that soldiers were issued with two identity discs.  When the Germans buried Leslie and the other soldiers they took the identity discs to compile the list and notify the British that they had done so. Thus there was no disc with the body.

In 2010 Leslie was among the soldiers identified when the mass grave created by the Germans in a hurry during the battle was excavated. A cousin's DNA was used to identify him. He has been reburied in the new cemetery at Fromelles.  The inscription we chose for his grave is the same one used to remember him on his family's grave at Parkes.

FOR KING AND COUNTRY. (1917, March 29). Western Champion (Parkes, NSW : 1898 - 1934), , p. 8. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article113524459

Tuesday, 7 June 2016

James Ernest Young (1878 - 1942)

James Ernest Young (1878 - 1942), known as Ernest,  was the youngest child of George Young (1826 - 1890) and Caroline Young née Clarke (1835 - 1879).

Ernest was born at Lamplough near Avoca, Victoria, on 28 November 1878. He was the youngest of 13 children. Five had died before he was born. Ernest's father was a miner, aged 50, born in Liverpool. Caroline, his mother was aged 43 and her birthplace was given as Sydney (on the birth certificates of other children her birthplace had been given as Tumut, New South Wales). Caroline was the informant of the birth registration at Avoca on 19 December 1878.

Ernest's mother Caroline died  a year later on 17 December 1879. George did not remarry. Ernest probably grew up at Lamplough, cared for by his father and his older brothers and sisters.

Ernest's first first wife was Mary Shea (1873 - 1920). They married in 1906 at Maryborough. On his marriage certificate he called himself Ernest. They had no children.

On 9 February 1916 Ernest enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force. He gave his age as 36 years two months. He was a railway employee. His next of kin was his wife Mrs Mary Young. Her address was Kirkham Road, Dandenong, Victoria. He was 5'8" tall and had dark hair. He was assigned to the 3rd Australian Pioneer Battalion and sailed overseas in June 1916. (National Archives of Australia: B2455: Young Ernest James : SERN 348 : POB Lamplough VIC : POE Melbourne VIC : NOK W Young Mary )

In June 1917 Ernest was gassed, but was returned to the field. He later suffered various illnesses, some probably as a result of his gas injuries: German measles, scabies, myalgia, debility. He rejoined his unit in October 1918 and was promoted to Lance Corporal on 9 November 1918. He returned to Australia in 1919 and was discharged in July 1919.

Ernest's wife Mary died on 20 December 1920.

Family Notices (1920, December 23). South Bourke and Mornington Journal (Richmond, Vic. : 1872 - 1920), , p. 2 (WEEKLY.). Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66199375

On 24 May 1921 Ernest remarried. His second wife was Emma Jane Jesson née Trewin (1880 - 1954), a divorcee. She had obtained a divorce in 1913 on the grounds of desertion from James Henry Jesson.  Emma had custody of the three children from her first marriage.

Ernest and Emma had a son, Ernest William George Young born 1922 who died 1993 leaving no children.

Ernest died 5 January 1942 age 63 of chronic nephritis and heart failure. His occupation on his death certificate was retired builder.

One of his death notices remembered all his brothers and sisters, even the infant George Young who had died in 1853, nearly 90 years earlier.

Family Notices (1942, January 6). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 2. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8226186


Obituary (1942, January 7). The Dandenong Journal (Vic. : 1927 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article215706875

Emma died in 1954.


Mrs. Emma J. Young (1954, November 3). The Dandenong Journal (Vic. : 1927 - 1954), p. 24. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218513675


Thursday, 21 May 2015

The patients of No. 1 A.G.H. France during World War 1

Rouen, France. 9 July 1917. Her Majesty Queen Mary visiting No. 1 Australian General Hospital (1AGH). HM is accompanied through a guard of honour of nurses of the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) by the hospital's commanding officer, Colonel Trent Champion de Crespigny DSO. Temporary wards and tents are on both sides of the path and patients in hospital uniform look on. Australian War Memorial photograph id K00019
I have written previously on my great grandfather and No. 1 Australian General Hospital at Rouen in France.  At the library this afternoon I was looking through the second volume of the official history of the Australian Army Medical Service in the war of 1914-18. Chapter xiv deals with the General Hospitals.

The hospitals treated the wounded of all forces.  From the book on page 414:
Of the total admissions to Australian General Hospitals in the war 11.2% were Australians; and of all Australian wounded on the Western Front 6.5% were treated in the Australian General Hospitals. The matter was summed up in 1917 in a memorandum by Colonel C. T. C. de Crespigny, who commanded No. 1 A.G.H. in France:-
"No Australian General Hospital or Casualty Clearing Station in France is exclusively devoted to the treatment of Australians. Such selection and segregation would be difficult and inadvisable. We admit sick and wounded in precisely the same way that our British and American neighbours do, so that in the same ward one may see English, Scots, Irish, Canadians, Australians, New Zealanders, South Africans, Newfoundlanders, British West Indians and members of other overseas units. It is a most striking example of the Empire's 'far flung battle line.' The intimate contact that exists between hospital patients offers an admirable opportunity for men of various dominions and the mother country to know and understand each other."
This item is footnoted:
Colonel de Crespigny adds:
"The patience and stoicism of the wounded is remarkable. The quiet and restfulness of a hospital far from the battle line, with good nursing, cleanliness and considerable comfort appears to them so great a relief counter-balance the pain and discomfort of their wounds.
" As an Australian addressing Australians there is no need for me to speak particularly of our own splendid men. We all know them. But I feel that I must add a word about the British soldier after more than two years' acquaintance with him. Remember that my impression of him is based upon observation of the man as a patient, when the heat of the battle has passed and he has no regimental tradition to live up to and he is harassed with pain or sickness or both. And the longer one knows him the more one is struck by his pluck, endurance and ineradicable vein of quiet humour, which makes light of his own sufferings and helps his comrade in the next bed to bear his own. In hospital one sees him suffering bravely terrible and mutilating wounds and looking forward undaunted to a future which only too often must be a sad one in which both his capacity for earning his livelihood or enjoying his leisure will be permanently lessened or destroyed."




Source

Monday, 4 May 2015

A to Z 2015 reflections





My blog tells some of the stories about my family history. All my posts, including A to Z posts in 2015, have this focus. In 2015 however, a hundred years since World War 1 and seventy years since the end of World War 2, many of the posts recall men of my family who fought in those wars.

My family, like so many others, felt the effects of those wars. Both my grandfathers and my father-in-law fought in World War 2. All four of my great grandfathers and both my husband's grandfathers and my step grandfather fought in World War 1. All ten men survived, though both my husband's grandfathers and one of my great grandfathers were injured.

Our forebears lost brothers and cousins in the wars. Most of these uncles and cousins did not have children and so it is up to us, the descendants of their siblings and cousins, to remember them.

Of course I have never met most of the men I have written about, and I cannot comprehend the appalling experience of fighting in a war. I hope I have done something to keep their memory alive by gathering together the dry facts of their military experience.


During the month I had trouble with my broadband internet connection and I was also away from home travelling for a week. I had trouble completing my daily posts.

M is for muddle

For years I wondered why my great grandfather Constantine Trent Champion de Crespigny had been taken away from his duties as a doctor during World War 1 to be aide-de camp to General Birdwood.

I had been misled by photographs on the Australian War Memorial website:

  • E00083 Photograph December 1916: General Sir William Riddell Birdwood (back left) and Captain Trent Champion De Crespigny ADC, seated in General Birdwood's car, passing an Australian transport column on the Mametz-Montauban road. 
Australian War Memorial image E00083

  • E00094 Photograph December 1916: Pictured in conversation after a church service at Heilly are, left to right: General C B B White; General Sir William Riddell Birdwood and Captain Trent Champion de Crespigny.
  • E02011 Photograph March 1917: General William Birdwood with the Assistant Provost Marshal Lieutenant Colonel W. Smith, and Aide-de-Camp Captain Trent Champion de Crespigny of the 1st Anzac Corps Headquarters, riding through the Chateau gates.
  • E00540 Photograph March 1917: Group portrait of the General Staff of the Australian Corps Headquarters outside the Chateau at Henencourt. Left to right, back row: Captain (Capt) C R E Jennings, Deputy Assistant Adjutant General; Capt N Clowes, SCRA; Capt C Sheldon, Staff Officer to the Chief Engineer; unidentified; Lieutenant M... ... Capt Trent Champion de Crespigny, Aide de Camp (ADC) to General Officer Commanding (GOC). ...
  • E00541 Photograph March 1917: Group portrait of the General Staff of the Australian Corps Headquarters outside the Chateau at Henencourt. Left to right, back row: Captain (Capt) C R E Jennings, Deputy Assistant Adjutant General; Capt N Clowes, SCRA; Capt C Sheldon, Staff Officer to the Chief Engineer; unidentified; Lieutenant M... ... Capt Trent Champion de Crespigny, Aide de Camp (ADC) to General Officer Commanding (GOC). ...
  • E00451 Photograph May 1917: General Sir William Riddell Birdwood decorating an officer for bravery in the first attack on the Hindenburg Line. The ceremony took place at Ribemont. Left to right: Captain (Capt) O'Regan MC, Australian Army Medical Corps (AAMC); General Birdwood; Capt H Thomson MC; unidentified (partially... ... Capt Trent Champion de Crespigny ...
  • E02360 Photograph May 1918: General Sir W R Birdwood presenting medals to members of the 4th Division. Standing in the centre, left to right: unidentified; Major H. Thompson MC, Staff Captain, 4th Brigade; unidentified; General Sir William Birdwood; Captain de Crespigny, Aide-de-Camp (ADC) to General Birdwood; Lieutenant...

My great grandfather was, as far as I know, the only person of his generation who had the forename Trent with the surname Champion de Crespigny.  I could not think who else Birdwood's aide-de-camp could be. It must have been Constantine Trent. I was wrong.

I found the correct answer in Trove, the digitised newspaper collection  of the National Library of Australia..

.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ARMY CORPS. (1916, June 22). The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1889 - 1931), p. 8. Retrieved from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article6473059

This was confirmed by a notice in the London Gazette, that Captain Henry Champion de Crespigny of the 56th Punjabi Rifles had been appointed aide-de-camp to the Commands and Staff area of the Regular army with effect from 6 August 1915. (London Gazette of 28 September 1915, supplement 29311, page 9625)

Henry Champion de Crespigny (1882 - 1946) was my great grandfather's fourth cousin once removed. He was the son of Philip Augustus Champion de Crespigny (1850 - 1912) and Rose de Crespigny née Key (1859 - 1935).

Henry de Crespigny became the sixth baronet following the death of his cousin Claude Raul Champion de Crespigny (1878 - 1941). None of the five sons of the fourth baronet  Sir Claude Champion de Crespigny (1847 - 1935) had sons. Henry de Crespigny's father Philip de Crespigny was the fourth baronet's younger brother.

Henry de Crespigny died unmarried and the baronetcy passed on to his brother Frederick Champion de Crespigny (1884 - 1947).

Chelmsford Chronicle 1 November 1946 page 3
...............

Update: I have been in contact with the War Memorial  who advised

Thank you for your email drawing our attention the incorrect identification of Constantine Trent Champion de Crespigny in several of our Official photographs. I apologise for the confusion this has caused you. The cataloguing of these images was carried out decades ago, before access to so many excellent digitised records were available. I have looked at the original captions and noticed that only General Birdwood was named except for one caption where “Captain de Crespigny” was named. I can only surmise the error must have occurred here when someone interpreted this partial identification as being Trent rather than Henry - Henry’s service record would not have been visible to them having served with the Indian Army.

I am working to correct the cataloguing for these photographs now and the updated records should refresh to the website by the end of the week.



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Thursday, 30 April 2015

Z is for Zillebeke

Stanley Gilbert Edwards (1889 - 1917) was my husband's great grand uncle. He was the eighth of ten children of Francis Gilbart Edwards (1848 - 1913) and Caroline Edwards née Ralph (1850 - 1896).

He was born in Richmond, a suburb of Melbourne and was educated at the local State School.

Stanley enlisted on 21 March 1916, giving his occupation as asphalter. He was twenty-six years old, five feet three inches, with grey eyes and brown hair.  He was assigned to the 22nd Battalion 14th Reinforcements.

When he enlisted Stanley Edwards was unmarried, but before his departure from Australia he married Alice Louise Wilson (1892 - 1964).

Stanley Edwards
Stanley Edwards - image uploaded to ancestry.com by a relative of his wife


On 28 July 1916 Edwards sailed with his unit from Melbourne on HMAT A32 Themistocles.

On 4 December 1916 he joined the 22nd Battalion in France.

In February 1917 he was hospitalised with synovitis to his right knee. His dossier notes that a certificate was issued that the "soldier was not to blame". He rejoined his unit in April 1917 from Rouen Hospital.

Stanley Edwards was killed with seven other men on 21 September 1917 by a high explosive (H. E.) shell. On 21 September his battalion was at Westhoek near Ypres on the front line.

After the war a cross with his name on it was found at Zillebeke four kilometres south-east of Ypres. The War Graves Commission found no remains there. His name is one of 54,399 names on the Menin Gate Memorial at Ypres .

StanleyEdwardsCross
Stanley Edwards's Cross - image uploaded to ancestry.com by a relative of his wife


Three more crosses were found at Zillebeke for:
Private Frank Dawson Pridham and Sergeant John Charles Bailes were both from the 22nd Battalion and both died that day. They are both listed on the Menin Gate Memorial. Bailes was initially buried at Polygon Wood but it seems likely that he was killed by the same shell as he was reported as being killed at the same time as Corporal Gay. From the description on the Red Cross file, Pridham's death may have been from a separate shell.



Sources

Y is for Ypres

William Alfred Fish (1890 - 1917), known as Bill, was the oldest of eight children of Alfred Fish and Rachel Fish née Young. He was my husband's first cousin twice removed.

Bill was born in Sale, Victoria, and educated at Sarsfield and Kalimna State Schools, Victoria.

On 24 February 1916 he enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force.  His younger brother Leslie Charles Fish (1895 - 1988) had already enlisted, on 14 January 1916.

At the time of his enlistment Bill was a line repairer also described as a postal mechanic. He was 5 feet 6 3/4 inches tall, had brown eyes and brown hair.

William Fish was assigned to the 29th Battalion 7th reinforcements.  Leslie was assigned to the 108th Battery of the 23rd field Artillery Brigade.

W.A.Fish 3229 on left. L.C.Fish 22126 on right (brothers) retrieved from FindAGrave and reproduced with permission from a cousin who uploaded the picture.


Leslie sailed from Melbourne, Victoria, on board HMAT A7 Medic on 20 May 1916. He returned to Australia on 5 May 1919.

On 4 July 1916 Bill Fish sailed with his unit on HMAT A35 Berrima. Bill Fish and his unit disembarked at Devonport, Plymouth, on 22 August 1916. They trained at Larkhill, near Stonehenge on the Salisbury Plain, until leaving for France in November.

Leslie Fish was also training at Larkhill, from July to December 1916. The photograph of the two brothers might have been taken while they were training in England.

In December 1916 Bill was hospitalised with mumps. He rejoined his unit on 6 January 1917.

In April 1917 Bill was punished for disobeying orders by eating his emergency rations. His punishment was 2 days Field Punishment number 2 and paying for replacement rations.

On 9 October 1917 Bill Fish was killed in action at Broodseinde, just under ten kilometers east of Ypres.

War Diary of the 29th Battalion: AWM4/Class 23/Sub class 46/AWM4 23/46/27 - October 1917 page 2

The file of the Australian Red Cross Wounded and Missing Enquiry Bureau contains several descriptions of Bill's death.


Initially Fish was buried where he was killed, at Molenaarlens Hoek Broodseinde Ridge. After the war his body was exhumed and reinterred in the Oxford Road Cemetery. Oxford Road Cemetery is four kilometers north-east of Ypres. His grave is inscribed "Ever remembered", the phrase suggested by his father.


In 1918 a pension of 40 shillings per fortnight was granted to his mother Rachel.




Additional sources

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